{
  "schema_version": 1,
  "year": 2024,
  "boundary": "BFE national final electricity consumption; supply-side losses and storage pumping separate",
  "accounting": {
    "year": 2024,
    "source_url": "https://pubdb.bfe.admin.ch/de/publication/download/12228",
    "source_location": "Swiss Electricity Statistics 2024, table 6, printed page 10; final Definitions section",
    "evidence": "published_official_balance_transcribed_in_GWh_then_divided_by_1000",
    "national_generation_twh": 81.054,
    "imports_twh": 25.955,
    "exports_twh": 40.354,
    "pumped_storage_input_twh": 4.817,
    "country_consumption_twh": 61.838,
    "published_losses_twh": 4.326,
    "final_consumption_twh": 57.512,
    "enduse_workbook_official_twh": 57.511111111111106,
    "enduse_sector_sum_twh": 56.270213530322195,
    "enduse_workbook_residual_twh": 1.2408975807889107,
    "statistical_series_difference_twh": 0.0008888888888947122,
    "model_baseline_unallocated_residual_twh": 1.2417864696778054,
    "residual_cause_status": "Unallocated; numerical reconciliation does not establish physical causes",
    "rounding_note": "The 0.000888889 TWh difference is consistent with the workbook rounding official electricity to 0.01 PJ; not a separately observed flow.",
    "own_use_note": "Do not append an invented plant-own-use line to this closed published balance. Swissgrid uses another metering boundary.",
    "sector_classification_bridge": {
      "source": "Electricity Statistics 2024 table 21, printed page 25; end-use report section 3.1.2, printed page 32 and service methods page 58",
      "reported_sectors_twh_agriculture_grouped_with_services": {
        "households": 19.818,
        "services": 15.669,
        "industry": 16.419,
        "transport": 5.606
      },
      "reclassified_to_services_twh": {
        "public_lighting": 0.272,
        "other_transport_infrastructure": 1.148
      },
      "sectors_after_explicit_classification_bridge_twh": {
        "households": 19.818,
        "services": 17.089000000000002,
        "industry": 16.419,
        "transport": 4.186
      },
      "remaining_sector_differences_twh": {
        "households": 0.3208399681725602,
        "services": 0.4096229588116387,
        "industry": 0.5113081406136111,
        "transport": 1.5402080002502316e-05
      },
      "note": "Transfers align published broad classifications; remaining sector differences are not explained physical consumption. Rail definitions still differ in losses/auxiliaries; near equality does not prove identical metering."
    }
  },
  "sector_electricity_twh": {
    "households": 19.49716003182744,
    "services": 16.679377041188364,
    "industry": 15.90769185938639,
    "transport": 4.185984597919997
  },
  "population_million": 9.005629,
  "household_heating_auxiliary_electricity_twh": 0.5934028299616816,
  "space_cooling_electricity_twh": {
    "households": 0.19067475662132183,
    "services": 0.9959738602629744,
    "industry": 0.43597542027777775
  },
  "heat": [
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "space",
      "carrier": "oil",
      "final_energy_twh": 10.907500262064746,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle20!AA7",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "space",
      "carrier": "gas",
      "final_energy_twh": 9.906077028175782,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle20!AA8",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "space",
      "carrier": "resistance",
      "final_energy_twh": 2.459562977975301,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle20!AA9",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "space",
      "carrier": "existing_heat_pump",
      "final_energy_twh": 2.628661286306001,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle20!AA10",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "space",
      "carrier": "wood",
      "final_energy_twh": 4.851356543845635,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle20!AA11",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "space",
      "carrier": "coal",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.01202789300282573,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle20!AA12",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "space",
      "carrier": "district_heat",
      "final_energy_twh": 2.2540354759856185,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle20!AA13",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "space",
      "carrier": "ambient_heat",
      "final_energy_twh": 5.643683706602105,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle20!AA14",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "space",
      "carrier": "solar_thermal",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.23832818908540673,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle20!AA15",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "water",
      "carrier": "oil",
      "final_energy_twh": 1.8129308892590965,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle22!AA7",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "water",
      "carrier": "gas",
      "final_energy_twh": 2.067858449501171,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle22!AA8",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "water",
      "carrier": "wood",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.4352007020722253,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle22!AA9",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "water",
      "carrier": "district_heat",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.5672159540772927,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle22!AA10",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "water",
      "carrier": "resistance",
      "final_energy_twh": 2.3218838832072275,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle22!AA11",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "water",
      "carrier": "existing_heat_pump",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.46938032113684663,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle22!AA12",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "water",
      "carrier": "ambient_heat",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.8007117502789219,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle22!AA13",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "end_use": "water",
      "carrier": "solar_thermal",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.4203138075637786,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle22!AA14",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "oil",
      "final_energy_twh": 7.251242342456567,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D8",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "gas",
      "final_energy_twh": 5.414860960382903,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D9",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "existing_electric_unsplit",
      "final_energy_twh": 1.037033997659623,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D10",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "wood",
      "final_energy_twh": 2.8769314540943527,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D11",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "coal",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.0017077558507579528,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D12",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "district_heat",
      "final_energy_twh": 1.3515581933332659,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D13",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "ambient_and_solar",
      "final_energy_twh": 1.1668127415160627,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D14",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "other",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.0,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D15",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "oil",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.5887611551194444,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E8",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "gas",
      "final_energy_twh": 1.7981319172194439,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E9",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "existing_electric_unsplit",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.13079270068055557,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E10",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "wood",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.5652397621527777,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E11",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "coal",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.010813266638888888,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E12",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "district_heat",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.3559538794666667,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E13",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "ambient_and_solar",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.09263038345986112,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E14",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
      "end_use": "space_and_water",
      "carrier": "other",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.1712822715591638,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E15",
      "evidence": "published_enduse_model_estimate"
    }
  ],
  "process": [
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "carrier": "oil",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.0,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!C17"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "carrier": "gas",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.07594467494419578,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!C18"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "carrier": "electricity",
      "final_energy_twh": 1.5706760514381803,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!C19"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "carrier": "wood",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.031075320753799724,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!C20"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "carrier": "coal",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.0,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!C21"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "carrier": "district_heat",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.0,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!C22"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "carrier": "ambient_and_solar",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.0,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!C23"
    },
    {
      "sector": "households",
      "carrier": "other",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.0,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!C24"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "carrier": "oil",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.0,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D17"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "carrier": "gas",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.0,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D18"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "carrier": "electricity",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.9009081799285744,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D19"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "carrier": "wood",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.0,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D20"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "carrier": "coal",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.0,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D21"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "carrier": "district_heat",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.0,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D22"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "carrier": "ambient_and_solar",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.0,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D23"
    },
    {
      "sector": "services",
      "carrier": "other",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.0,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!D24"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
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      "final_energy_twh": 1.5117280750000002,
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    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
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      "final_energy_twh": 7.763973900722222,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E18"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
      "carrier": "electricity",
      "final_energy_twh": 2.7545166432447217,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E19"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
      "carrier": "wood",
      "final_energy_twh": 2.9912685658333333,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E20"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
      "carrier": "coal",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.6298661833333336,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E21"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
      "carrier": "district_heat",
      "final_energy_twh": 2.348188640833333,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E22"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
      "carrier": "ambient_and_solar",
      "final_energy_twh": 0.4172921867888889,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E23"
    },
    {
      "sector": "industry",
      "carrier": "other",
      "final_energy_twh": 3.899573957931583,
      "source_cell": "Tabelle52!E24"
    }
  ],
  "road_transport": [
    {
      "mode": "cars",
      "million_vehicle_km": 57044.65571880046,
      "existing_electricity_twh": 0.702943850211111,
      "existing_total_energy_twh": 38.371460621550554,
      "electricity_source_cell": "Tabelle39!C28",
      "activity_boundary": "All Swiss/foreign passenger cars travelling in Switzerland",
      "activity_evidence": "published_official_statistics_or_estimates"
    },
    {
      "mode": "motorcycles",
      "million_vehicle_km": 2045.9519475608147,
      "existing_electricity_twh": 0.009562581405833333,
      "existing_total_energy_twh": 0.721685951920417,
      "electricity_source_cell": "Tabelle39!D28",
      "activity_boundary": "Motorcycles and mopeds combined; pooled consumption assumption",
      "activity_evidence": "published_official_statistics_or_estimates"
    },
    {
      "mode": "buses",
      "million_vehicle_km": 489.44171,
      "existing_electricity_twh": 0.06682528618930555,
      "existing_total_energy_twh": 1.62100805877625,
      "electricity_source_cell": "Tabelle39!G28",
      "activity_boundary": "Public buses plus private coaches; pooled BFE bus energy boundary requires further reconciliation",
      "activity_evidence": "published_official_statistics_or_estimates"
    },
    {
      "mode": "vans",
      "million_vehicle_km": 5228.957769343694,
      "existing_electricity_twh": 0.05183874937444444,
      "existing_total_energy_twh": 5.117816778649583,
      "electricity_source_cell": "Tabelle41!C28",
      "activity_boundary": "Swiss-registered light freight only; foreign vans absent; provisional activity",
      "activity_evidence": "published_official_statistics_or_estimates"
    },
    {
      "mode": "trucks",
      "million_vehicle_km": 2199.8205658999996,
      "existing_electricity_twh": 0.045564494507638886,
      "existing_total_energy_twh": 6.78133146801667,
      "electricity_source_cell": "Tabelle41!D28",
      "activity_boundary": "Swiss and foreign heavy vehicles travelling in Switzerland",
      "activity_evidence": "published_official_statistics_or_estimates"
    }
  ],
  "nonresidential_space_fraction_proxy": {
    "services": 0.8806170973268125,
    "industry": 0.8195442646431583
  },
  "industry_total_process_final_twh": 22.316408153687416,
  "industry_process_below_100c_final_twh": 4.732211898744723,
  "activity_source_rows": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "label_de": "in Mio. Zugs-km",
      "value": 214.9,
      "unit": "million_train_km",
      "raw_value": 214.9,
      "footnote_flag": null,
      "source_cell": "2005-2025!AN4",
      "source_id": "bfs-passenger-activity",
      "evidence_status": "published_official_statistic",
      "is_subtotal": false
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "label_de": "Total in Mio. Kurs-km",
      "value": 403.753,
      "unit": "million_service_km",
      "raw_value": 403.753,
      "footnote_flag": null,
      "source_cell": "2005-2025!AN7",
      "source_id": "bfs-passenger-activity",
      "evidence_status": "published_official_statistic",
      "is_subtotal": true
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "label_de": "Tram 2)",
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      "unit": "million_service_km",
      "raw_value": 35.41,
      "footnote_flag": null,
      "source_cell": "2005-2025!AN8",
      "source_id": "bfs-passenger-activity",
      "evidence_status": "published_official_statistic",
      "is_subtotal": false
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "label_de": "Trolleybusse 2)",
      "value": 31.64,
      "unit": "million_service_km",
      "raw_value": 31.64,
      "footnote_flag": null,
      "source_cell": "2005-2025!AN9",
      "source_id": "bfs-passenger-activity",
      "evidence_status": "published_official_statistic",
      "is_subtotal": false
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "label_de": "Autobusse 3)",
      "value": 336.7,
      "unit": "million_service_km",
      "raw_value": 336.7,
      "footnote_flag": null,
      "source_cell": "2005-2025!AN10",
      "source_id": "bfs-passenger-activity",
      "evidence_status": "published_official_statistic",
      "is_subtotal": false
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "label_de": "Total",
      "value": 59243.34937636128,
      "unit": "million_vehicle_km",
      "raw_value": 59243.34937636128,
      "footnote_flag": "10)",
      "source_cell": "2005-2025!AN12",
      "source_id": "bfs-passenger-activity",
      "evidence_status": "published_official_estimate",
      "is_subtotal": true
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "label_de": "Personenwagen",
      "value": 57044.65571880046,
      "unit": "million_vehicle_km",
      "raw_value": 57044.65571880046,
      "footnote_flag": "10)",
      "source_cell": "2005-2025!AN13",
      "source_id": "bfs-passenger-activity",
      "evidence_status": "published_official_estimate",
      "is_subtotal": true
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "label_de": "inländische Personenwagen",
      "value": 49911.9678789344,
      "unit": "million_vehicle_km",
      "raw_value": 49911.9678789344,
      "footnote_flag": "10)",
      "source_cell": "2005-2025!AN14",
      "source_id": "bfs-passenger-activity",
      "evidence_status": "published_official_estimate",
      "is_subtotal": false
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "label_de": "ausländische Personenwagen",
      "value": 7132.687839866058,
      "unit": "million_vehicle_km",
      "raw_value": 7132.687839866058,
      "footnote_flag": "10)",
      "source_cell": "2005-2025!AN15",
      "source_id": "bfs-passenger-activity",
      "evidence_status": "published_official_estimate",
      "is_subtotal": false
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "label_de": "Privatcars",
      "value": 152.74171,
      "unit": "million_vehicle_km",
      "raw_value": 152.74171,
      "footnote_flag": null,
      "source_cell": "2005-2025!AN16",
      "source_id": "bfs-passenger-activity",
      "evidence_status": "published_official_statistic",
      "is_subtotal": false
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "label_de": "Motorräder",
      "value": 1805.0359299010227,
      "unit": "million_vehicle_km",
      "raw_value": 1805.0359299010227,
      "footnote_flag": "8)",
      "source_cell": "2005-2025!AN17",
      "source_id": "bfs-passenger-activity",
      "evidence_status": "published_official_estimate",
      "is_subtotal": false
    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "year": 2024,
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    {
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      "year": 2024,
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      "year": 2024,
      "vehicle_class": "light_total",
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      "year": 2024,
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      "year": 2024,
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  ],
  "temperature_joint_distribution_status": "Carrier and temperature marginals only; allocation is a scenario assumption constrained by feasible marginal bounds"
}